Request and response transformations

Overview

Transformations allow you to dynamically modify requests and responses. That includes headers, query string parameters and body.

This section describes API-scoped transformations. Transformations defined on an API level are applied to requests/responses to that API, regardless of the product the customer is subscribed to.

Transformations defined on an API level are always applied first.

Read about product-scoped transformations.

One of the use-cases for transformations is to authenticate Nadles API Gateway in your API backend by API key. Learn how to configure Nadles to send an API key to your backend.

How it works

To configure transformations, navigate to APIs → select API → Transformations.

Headers

The transformation will add/replace/remove headers in a request or response.

Header names are case-insensitive.

Add

Adds a new header, even if there is already one with the same name.

Example

Original request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
X-Some-Header: some-value

Transformation:

Add header "X-Some-Header" with value "another-value".

Transformed request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
X-Some-Header: some-value
X-Some-Header: another-value

Replace

Replaces header(s) with a new value. If there are several headers with the given name, they’re removed and replaced with the new value.

Example

Original request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
X-Some-Header: first-value
X-Some-Header: second-value

Transformation:

Replace header "X-Some-Header" with value "third-value".

Transformed request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
X-Some-Header: third-value

Remove

Removes all headers with the given name.

Example

Original request:

GET / HTTP/1.1
X-Some-Header: first-value
X-Some-Header: second-value

Transformation:

Remove header "X-Some-Header".

Transformed request:

GET / HTTP/1.1

Query string parameters

The transformation will add/replace/remove query string parameters in a request.

Query string parameter names are case-sensitive.

Add

Adds a new query string parameter, even if there is already one or more with the same name.

Example

Original request:

GET /?param1=100 HTTP/1.1

Transformation:

Add query string parameter "param2" with value "test-value".

Transformed request:

GET /?param1=100&param2=test-value HTTP/1.1

Replace

Replaces query string parameter(s) with a new value. If there are several query string parameters with the given name, they’re removed and replaced with the new value.

Example

Original request:

GET /?param1=100 HTTP/1.1

Transformation:

Replace query string parameter "param1" with value 200.

Transformed request:

GET /?param1=200 HTTP/1.1

Remove

Removes all query string parameters with the given name.

Example

Original request:

GET /?param1=100 HTTP/1.1

Transformation:

Remove query string parameter "param1".

Transformed request:

GET / HTTP/1.1

Body

The transformation will add/replace/remove request/response body.

Add

Adds a new body. If a request or response already has a body, it’s left unchanged.

Example

Original request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

Transformation:

Add body with value {"testkey": "testvalue"}

Transformed request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

{"testkey": "testvalue"}

Replace

Replaces the body with a new value. If there is no body yet, it’s added.

Example

Original request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

{"originalkey": "originalvalue"}

Transformation:

Replace body with value {"newkey": "newvalue"}

Transformed request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

{"newkey": "newvalue"}

Remove

Removes the body.

Example

Original request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

{"key": "value"}

Transformation:

Remove body.

Transformed request:

POST / HTTP/1.1

Expressions

JavaScript

You can use JavaScript expressions in your transformations to make them even more dynamic.

Expressions must evaluate to a new string value for the header/query string parameter/body.

Examples

Example — News API

Say, you provide an API endpoint that returns contents of a news article. E.g.,

{
    "id": "b6355c53-44a3-464b-bc9e-759749cdb3ec",
    "title": "The title",
    "content": "Some long article body"
}

For your “Free” product, you’d like to return only the first 120 characters of article body.

With the following transformation added to the “Free” product, you configure Nadles API Gateway to do that:

Note that the expression evaluation result is used as the new value for the response body.

Expression variables

There are several variables you can use in your expressions.

Path parameters

path.params.* — placeholder values specified in the endpoint URL.

Example

If an endpoint URL is /resource/{resourceId}

and the HTTP request URL is /resource/801d49c2-ca05-42b1-97af-baf0ddf36ba3,

then there will be a variable path.params.resourceId with value "801d49c2-ca05-42b1-97af-baf0ddf36ba3".

path.params.resourceId // "801d49c2-ca05-42b1-97af-baf0ddf36ba3"

Path parameter names are case-sensitive.

Client IP address

request.remote_addr — Client IP address.

Request headers

request.headers['header-name'] — Request header values.

Example

request.headers['content-type'] == 'application/json'

Header names must be in lower case.

Request query string parameters

request.query['query_string_parameter_name'] — Request query string parameters.

Example

request.query['page'] > 100

Query string parameter names are case-sensitive.

Request body

request.body — Request body.

Example

request.body.length > 1000

Response variables are only available in response transformations.

Response status code

response.statusCode — HTTP status code of the response from the upstream.

Example

response.statusCode == 200

Response headers

response.headers['header-name'] — Response header values.

Example

response.headers['content-type'] == 'application/json'

Header names must be in lower case.

Response body

response.body — Raw response body.

Example

response.body.length > 0

jq

You can also use jq expressions for transformations.

jq is like sed for JSON data - you can use it to slice and filter and map and transform JSON with the same ease that sed, awk, grep and friends let you play with text.

Unlike JavaScript expressions, the result of jq transformation does not necessarily have to be a string. If the expression result is not a string, it’s encoded as JSON.

Examples

Example — News API

Say, you provide an API endpoint that returns contents of a news article. E.g.,

{
    "id": "b6355c53-44a3-464b-bc9e-759749cdb3ec",
    "title": "The title",
    "content": "Some long article body"
}

For your “Free” product, you’d like to return only the first 120 characters of article body.

The following jq expression will do the job:

Note that the expression evaluation result is used as the new value for the response body.

Expression input

The followind is passed as input (.) to your jq expressions:

Input for request transformation expressions

{
    "path": {
        "params": { // path parameters, e.g. /endpoint/{path_param_1}
            "path_param_1": "path_param_value_1",
            "path_param_2": "path_param_value_2"
        }
    },
    "request": {
        "remote_addr": "127.0.0.1", // client IP address
        "headers": { // request headers
            "request_header_name_1": "header_value_1",
            "request_header_name_2": ["header_values_2", "header_values_2"]
        },

        "query": { // query string parameters
            "query_string_param_1": "query_string_param_value_1"
        },

        "body": "request body content"
    },
}

Input for response transformation expressions

{
    "path": {
        "params": { // path parameters, e.g. /endpoint/{path_param_1}
            "path_param_1": "path_param_value_1",
            "path_param_2": "path_param_value_2"
        }
    },
    "request": {
        "remote_addr": "127.0.0.1", // client IP address
        "headers": { // request headers
            "request_header_name_1": "header_value_1",
            "request_header_name_2": ["header_values_2", "header_values_2"]
        },

        "query": { // query string parameters
            "query_string_param_1": "query_string_param_value_1"
        },

        "body": "request body content"
    },
    "request_transformed": { // request object, after request transformations are applied
        // ...
    },
    "response": {
        "statusCode": 200,
        "headers": {
            "response_header_name_1": "header_value_1",
            "response_header_name_2": ["header_values_2", "header_values_2"]
        },
        "body": "response body content"
    }
}

Overview

API

Products

Prices

Payment integration

User portal

Subscriptions

Analytics

Other

Request and response transformations

Overview

How it works

Headers

Add

Replace

Remove

Query string parameters

Add

Replace

Remove

Body

Add

Replace

Remove

Expressions

JavaScript

Examples

Expression variables

Path parameters

Client IP address

Request headers

Request query string parameters

Request body

Response status code

Response headers

Response body

jq

Examples

Expression input

Overview

API

Products

Prices

Payment integration

User portal

Subscriptions

Analytics

Other

​Overview

​How it works

​Headers

​Add

​Replace

​Remove

​Query string parameters

​Add

​Replace

​Remove

​Body

​Add

​Replace

​Remove

​Expressions

​JavaScript

​Examples

​Expression variables

Path parameters

Client IP address

Request headers

Request query string parameters

Request body

Response status code

Response headers

Response body

​jq

​Examples

​Expression input

Overview

How it works

Headers

Add

Replace

Remove

Query string parameters

Add

Replace

Remove

Body

Add

Replace

Remove

Expressions

JavaScript

Examples

Expression variables

jq

Examples

Expression input